Vitamin B9, also known as folate or folic acid, plays a crucial role in various bodily functions. It is essential for DNA synthesis and repair, ensuring proper cellular division and growth, which is especially important during periods of rapid growth such as pregnancy and infancy.
Vitamin B9 (folate) deficiency can lead to a range of symptoms, including megaloblastic anemia, characterized by large, abnormally shaped red blood cells that result in fatigue, weakness, and pale skin. Individuals may experience persistent tiredness and low energy levels, alongside mood changes such as irritability and depression. Cognitive impairments like memory problems and difficulty concentrating can also occur. Glossitis, or inflammation and soreness of the tongue, is another common symptom. Digestive issues, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, may be present, along with shortness of breath due to anemia. In children, folate deficiency can impair growth and development, while in pregnant women, it can lead to neural tube defects in the developing fetus. Skin problems, such as pale or yellowish skin, and rashes or sores, may also be observed. These symptoms highlight the importance of adequate vitamin B9 levels for overall health and development.